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Selected Bibliography

The following bibliography lists only works that are especially relevant to computing's pioneering years, 1935-1945. The reader should consult the journal Annals of the History

of Computing, especially the extensive bibliography by Brian Randell in vol. 1, no. 2

(October, 1979) of that journal, for a more comprehensive list of references.

Abramowitz, Milton, et al., eds. Handbook of Mathematical Functions, with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables. National Bureau of Standards, Applied Mathematics Series, 55 (Julie, 1964), 355-494.

Aiken, Howard H. "Proposed Automatic Calculating Machine." IEEE Spectrum, 1 (August, 1964), 62-69.

Aiken, Howard H., and Hopper, Grace M. "The Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator." Electrical Engineering, 65 (1946), 384-391, 449-454, 522-528.

Aiken, Howard H., and Staff of the Harvard Computation Laboratory. A Manual of Operation for the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator. Annals of the Harvard Computation Laboratory, vol. 1. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1946.

Alt, Franz L. 1948. "A Bell Telephone Laboratories Computing Machine." Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation, 3 (1948), 1-13, 69-84.

. 1958. Electronic Digital Computers: Their Use in Science and Engineering. New York: Academic Press, 1958.

Andrews, E. G. 1949. "The Bell Computer, Model VI." Proceedings of a Second Symposium on Large-Scale Digital Calculating Machinery, September 13-16, 1949. Annals of the Harvard Computation Laboratory, vol. 26. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1951, pp. 20-31.

.1951. "A Review of the Bell Laboratories' Digital Computer Developments," in

Review of Electronic Digital Computers, Joint AIEE-IRE Computer Conference,

December 10-12, 1951, Philadelphia. New York: AIEE, 1952, pp. 101-105.

. 1957. "Bell Laboratories Digital Computers." Bell Labs Record, 35 (1957), 81-84.

. 1963. "Telephone Switching and the Early Bell Laboratories Computers." Bell System Technical Journal, 42 (1963), 341-353.

Andrews, E. G., and Bode, H. W. "Use of the Relay Digital Computer." Electrical Engineering, 69 (1950), 158-163.

Bauer, F. L. "Between Zuse and Rutishauser-The Early Development of Digital Computing in Central Europe." Munich, Technical University, Dept. of Informatics, Report #7629, 1976, 41pp.

and Wossner, H. "The `Plankalkul' of Konrad Zuse: A Forerunner of Today's Programming Languages." Communications ACM, 15 (1972), 678-685.

Belden, Thomas G., and Belden, Marva R. The Lengthening Shadow: The Life of Thomas J. Watson. Boston: Little, Brown, 1962.

Bergstein, Harold. "An Interview with Eckert and Mauchly." Datamation, 8/4 (April, 1962), 25-30.

Berkeley, Edmund C. Giant Brains, or Machines that Think. New York: Wiley, 1949.

Bernstein, Jeremy. The Analytical Engine: Computers, Past, Present and Future. New York: Random House, 1964.

Bliss, Gilbert A. Mathematics for Exterior Ballistics. New York: Wiley, 1944.

Bloch, Richard M. "Mark I Calculator." Proceedings of a Symposium on Large-Scale Digital Calculating Machinery, January, 1947. Annals of the Harvard Computation Laboratory, vol. 16, Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1948, pp. 23-30.

Bonn, Gesellschaft fur Mathematik and Datenverarbeitung (GMD). Catalog of the Personal Papers of Konrad Zuse, 1979, 97pp.

Bowden, B. V. Faster than Thought. London: Pitman, 1955.

Brainerd, J. G., and Sharpless, T. K. "The ENIAC." Electrical Engineering, 67 (1948), 163172.

Brainerd, John G. "Conference Report-International Research Conference on the History of Computing, Los Alamos, June 10-15, 1976." Technology and Culture, 18 (1977), 218-221.

Buchholz, Werner, ed. "The Computer Issue." Proceedings IRE, 41/10 (1953).

Burks, Arthur W. 1946. "Super Electronic Computing Machine." Electronics Industries, 5 (July, 1946), 62-67, 96.

. 1947. "Electronic Computing Circuits of the ENIAC." Proceedings IRE, 35 (1947), 756-767.

Goldstine, Herman; and von Neumann, John. "Preliminary Discussion of the Logical Design of an Electronic Computing Instrument." Princeton, Institute for Advanced Study, 1946. In John von Neumann, Collected Works, vol. 5 (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1963), 34-79.

Computers and Their Future. World Computer Pioneer Conference, Lladudno, 1970. London: Richard Williams and Partners, 1970.

Couffignal, Louis. 1933. Les Machines d Calculer, leurs principes, leur evolution. Paris: Gauthier Villian, 1933, 86pp.

. 1936. "Calcul Mechanique sur 1'emploi de la numeration binaire dans les machines a calculer et les instruments nomomechaniques. Comptes Rendus, 202 (1936), 17451747, 1970-1972.

Cremer, Hubert, ed. Probleme der Entwicklung programmgesteuerter Rechengerate and Integrieranlagen. Aachen, Technical College, 1953.

Czauderna, Karl-Heinz. Konrad Zuse-der Weg zu seinem Computer Z3 and dessen Verwircklichung. Munich: Oldenburg, 1979, 105pp.

Dartmouth College, Baker Library, Hanover, N.H. An Inventory of the Papers of George Robert Stibitz, Concerning the Development of the Digital Computer. Hanover, 1973, 127pp.

De Beauclair, Wilfred. Rechnen mit Maschinen. Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1968, 313pp. and Schmid, D. "Geschichtliche Entwicklung." Taschenbuch der Informatik. vol 1. K. Steinbuch and W. Weber, eds. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer, 1974, pp. 145.

Desmonde, W. H., and Berkling, K. J. "The Zuse Z3." Datamation, 12/9 (1966), 30-31.

Dreyer, H. J. "Solution of Systems of Linear Equations by Means of Punched-Card Machine sAufldsung von Systemen linearer Gleichungen mit LochkartenMaschinen." U.S. Air Force, Air Material Command, Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio, Translation No. F-TS1046-RE, December, 1946.

and Walther, A. Entwicklung Mathematischer Instrumente in Deutschland 1939 bis 1945. Bericht A3, Institut fur Praktische Mathematik, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, August 19, 1946.

Eames, Charles, and Eames, Ray, office of. A Computer Perspective. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1973, 175pp.

Eccles, W. H., and Jordan, F. W. "Trigger Relay." Science Abstracts, B22 (1919), 437-438.

Eckert, J. Presper. 1953. "A Survey of Digital Computer Memory Systems." Proceedings IRE, 41 (1953), 1393-1406.

. 1976. "Thoughts on the History of Computing." Computer (December, 1976), pp. 58-65.

Lukoff, H., and Smoliar, G. "A Dynamically Regenerated Electrostatic Memory System." Proceedings IRE, 38 (1950), 498-510.

Eckert, Wallace. Punched Card Methods in Scientific Computation. New York: Thomas J. Watson Astronomical Computing Bureau, Columbia University, 1940.

"Electric Calculating Machine Devised for Complex Problems." Science News Letter (September 14, 1940), pp. 163-164.

Engineering Research Associates. High-Speed Computing Devices. New York: McGrawHill, 1950.

Evans, C. Pioneers of Computing Series (a series of taped interviews). London, The Science Museum, 1981.

Ganzhom, Karl, and Walter, Wolfgang. Die Geschichtliche Entwicklung der Datenverarbeitung. Rev. ed. Stuttgart: IBM Corp., 1975, 80pp.

Gardner, W. David. "Will the Inventor of the First Digital Computer Please Stand Up?" Datamation, 20/2 (February, 1974), 84, 88-90.

"Giant New Calculator." Science News Letter, 46 (August 12, 1944), p. 111.

Glaser, Anton. History of Binary and Other Nondecimal Numeration. Southhampton, Pa.: privately printed, 1971, 196pp.

Goldbach, Wend, and Schneider, Rolf. "Beschreibung der Rechenanlage Z3." Zuse Forum, 2/4 (September, 1963), 19-31.

Goldschneider, Peter, and Zemenek, H. Computer: Werkzeug der Information. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1971.

Goldstine, Herman H. The Computer from Pascal to von Neumann. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972, 378pp.

and Goldstine, Adele. "The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC)." Mathematical Tables and OtherAids to Computation, 2 (1946), 97-110.

Good, Irving John. 1970. "Some Future Social Repercussions of Computers." International Journal of Environmental Studies, 1 (1970), 67-79.

- 1979. "Early Work on Computers at Bletchley." Cryptologiia, 3 (1979), 65-77.

Graef, Martin, ed. 350 Jahre Rechenmaschinen. Munich: Hausner, 1973, 124pp.

Great Britain, British Intelligence Objectives Subcommittee. "Organization of Deutsche Versuchsanstalt fur Luftfahrt (DVL)." B.I.O.S. Final Report # 200, undated, app.

Great Britain, Field Information Agency, Technical (FIAT). "Applied Mathematics Research in Germany, with Particular Reference to Naval Applications." B.I.O.S. Final Report # 79, undated, 65pp.

. "The Development of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics in German Institutions During the War." FIAT Final Report # 1167, May 30, 1947, app.

Hamming, Richard W. 1950a. "Error Detecting and Correcting Codes." Bell System Technical Journal, 26 (1950), 147-160.

. 1950b. "Error Detecting and Correcting Codes." Bell Laboratories Record, 28 (1950), 193-197.

Harmon, Margaret. Stretching Man's Mind. New York: Mason/Charter, 1975, 239pp.

Harrison, Joseph O. "The Preparation of Problems for the Mark I Calculator." Proceedings of a Symposium on Large-Scale Calculating Machinery. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1948, pp. 208-210.

Hartree, D. R. 1946. "The ENIAC, an Electronic Calculating Machine." Nature, 157 (April 20, 1946), 527; 158 (October 12, 1946), 500-506.

. 1947. "Recent Developments in Calculating Machines." Journal of Scientific Instruments, 24 (1947), 172-176.

. 1948. Calculating Instruments and Machines. Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 1949, 138pp.

Harvard University, Computation Laboratory. 1946. A Manual of Operation for the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1946, 562pp.

. 1948. Proceedings of a Symposium on Large-Scale Digital Calculating Machinery. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1948.

Hertwig, August. "Die Zahlenrechnungen bei der Losung zahlreicher linearer Gleichungen." Jahrbuch der Deutschen Akademie fllr Luftfahrtforschung (1943-1944), pp. 221225.

Hilbert, David, and Ackerman, W. Grundziige der theoretischen Logik. Berlin: Julius Springer Verlag, 1934.

and Bernays, P. Grundlagen der Mathematik. Berlin: Julius Springer Verlag, 1934.

Hoffmann, Walter. Digitale Informationswandler. Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1962.

Hohmann, Joachim. Eine Untersuchung des Plankalkiils im Vergleich mit algorithmischen Sprachen. Bonn, GMD, report # 104, 1975, 193pp.

Hollcroft, T. R. "The Summer Meeting in Hanover." Bulletin, American Mathematical Society, 46 (1940), 859-861.

Hollingdale, S. H., and Toothill, G. C. Electronic Computers. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1965, 334pp.

Hughes, Thomas Parke. "ENIAC: Invention of a Computer." Technikgeschichte, 42 (1975), 148-165.

Huskey, H. D. "Chronology of Computing Devices." IEEE Transactions on Computers, 25 (1976), 1190-1208.

IBM Corporation. 1945. "IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator." Privately printed, 1945, 6pp.

. 1954. Bibliography on the Use of IBM Machines in Science, Statistics, and Education. New York: Thomas J. Watson Scientific Computing Laboratory, January, 1954.

Knuth, Donald E. The Art of Computer Programming: Vol. 1: Fundamental Algorithms. Vol. 2: Seminumerical Algorithms. Reading, Mass.: Addison Wesley, 1969, 1973.

and Pardo, L. T. "The Early Development of Programming Languages." Stanford University, Computer Science Dept., Report STAN-CS-76-562, August, 1976.

Kussner, H. G. 1929. "Flugelschwingung an Hugzeugen." Zeitschrift it Angewandte Mathematik and Mechanik, 9 (1929), 492-493.

. 1936. "Zusammenfassender Bericht fiber den instationaren Auftrieb von Fliigeln." Luftfahrtforschung, 13 (1936), 410-429.

Larson, Judge Earl R. Findings of Fact, Conclusions of Law and Order for Judgement. File #4-67, Civ. 138, Honeywell, Inc. vs. Sperry Rand Corp. and Illinois Scientific Developments, Inc., U.S. District Court, District of Minnesota, Fourth Division, October 19, 1973, 319pp.

Lehmer, D. H. "A Photoelectric Number Sieve." American Mathematical Monthly, 40 (1933), 401-406.

Leibniz, G. W. Mathematische Schriften, Vol. 5: Die Mathematische Abhandlungen, ed. by C. I. Gerhardt. Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1962.

Loveday, Evelyn. "George Stibitz and the Bell Labs Relay Computers." Datamation, September, 1977, pp. 80-85.

Lu [sic]. "Eine programmgesteuerte elektrische Rechenmaschine." Bulletin, Association Suisse des Electriciens, 41 (1950), 607-609.

Lyndon, R. C. "The Zuse Computer." Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation, 2 (1947), 355-359.

"Mathematical Robot." Time, August 14, 1944, p. 72.

Mauchly, John W. "Preparation of Programs for EDVAC-type Machines." Proceedings of a Symposium on Large-Scale Digital Calculating Machines, January, 1947, Annals of the Harvard Computation Laboratory, vol. 16, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1948, pp. 203-207.

. "Mauchly on the Trials of Building the ENIAC." IEEE Spectrum, 12/4 (1975), 7576.

Merzbach, Uta. "George Scheutz and the First Printing Calculator." Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology, #36, Washington, D.C., 1977, 74pp.

Meschowski, Herbert, ed. Grundlagen der modernen Mathematik. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1975.

Metropolis, N., and Worlton, J. "A Trilogy on Errors in the History of Computing." First USA-Japan Computer Conference, Proceedings. Tokyo, October 3-5, 1972, pp. 21/1-21/9.

Meyer zur Capellan, W. Mathematische Instrumente. 3rd ed. Leipzig: Akademie Verlag, 1949.

Montgomery, G. A. Digital Calculating Machines. London: Blackie, 1951.

Morrison, Philip, and Morrison, Emily, eds. Charles Babbage and his Calculating Engines. New York: Dover, 1961, 400pp.

Murray, Francis J. Mathematical Machines, Vol. 1: Digital Computers. New York: Columbia University Press, 1961.

Newman, James R., ed. "Mathematical Machines: Can a Machine Think?" The World of

Mathematics, vol. 4, part 19. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1956, pp. 20702133.

Oettinger, Anthony, "Howard Aiken." Communications ACM, 5 (1962), 298-299, 359.

Overhoff, Gerhard. "Automatic Calculating Engine." U.S. Air Force, Air Interrogation Unit, Austria. Interrogation Summary, # AIU/IS/33, November 8, 1946, 4pp.

Pennsylvania University, Moore School of Electrical Engineering. 1945. "Description of the ENIAC and Comments on Electronic Digital Computing Machines." U.S. National Defense Research Committee, Applied Mathematics Panel, AMP Report # 171.28, November 30, 1945.

. 1948. Theory and Techniques for Design of Electronic Digital Computers, Lectures Given at the Moore School, 8 July-31 August, 1946.4 vols. Philadelphia: Moore School of Electrical Engineering, June 30, 1948.

Phelps, Byron E. "The Beginnings of Electronic Computation." IBM Corporation, Systems Development Division, Poughkeepsie, New York, Report TR-00.2259, December 9, 1971.

Piesch, Hansi. "Begriff der allgemeinen Schaltungstechnik. Archiv der Elektrotechnik, 33 (1939), 672-686, 733-746.

Pocock, Rowland F. German Guided Missiles of the Second World War. New York: Arco, 1967.

Randell, Brian. 1972. "On Alan Turing and the Origins of Digital Computers." Machine Intelligence, 7 (1972), 3-20.

. 1977. "Colossus: Godfather of the Computer." New Scientist, 73/1038 (February 10, 1977), 346-348.

ed. 1975. The Origins of Digital Computers: Selected Papers. 2nd edition. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer Verlag, 1975, 464pp.

Reich, H. J. "Trigger Circuits." Electronics (August, 1939), pp. 14-17.

Reid, Constance. Hilbert. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer Verlag, 1970, 290pp.

"Relay Computer for the Army." Bell Laboratories Record, 26/5 (1948), 208-209.

Rodgers, William. Think: A Biography of the Watsons and IBM. New York: Stein and Day, 1969, 311 pp.

Rosenberg, Jerry. The Computer Prophets. New York: Macmillan, 1969.

Rutishauser, H. 1951. "Erste Erfahrungen mit dem programmgesteuerten Rechengerat Z4 von K. Zuse." Zeitschrift fiir Angewandte Mathematik and Mechanik, 31 (1951), 254.

. 1952. "Automatische Rechenplanfertigung bei programmgesteuerten Rechenmaschinen." Mitteilungen aus dem Institut far angewandte Mathematik an der ETH, Zurich, #3, 1952.

. 1956. "Massnahmen zur Vereinfachung des Programmieriens (Bericht fiber die in 5jahriger Programmierungsarbeit mit der Z4 gewonnen Erfahrungen," NTF, 4 (1956), 26-27.

. 1967. Description of Algol 60. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1967.

Speiser, A., Stiefel, E. 1950. "Programmgesteuerte digitale Rechengerate." Zeitschrift far angewandte Mathematik and Physik, 1 (1950), 339-362.

.1951. "Programmgesteuerte digitale Rechengerate." Mitteilung aus dem Institut far angewandte Mathematik an der ETH, Zarich, #2 (1951).

Sarton, George. The Study of the History of Mathematics. New York: Dover, 1957.

Schreyer, Helmut. 1941. "Das Rdhrenrelais and seine Schaltungstechnik." Dissertation, Techniche Hochschule, Berlin, August 20, 1941, 56pp.

. 1977. "Die Entwicklung des Versuchsmodells einer electronischen Rechenmaschine." MS, Mosbach/Baden, August 1, 1977, 14pp.

Shannon, Claude. "A Symbolic Analysis of Switching Circuits." Transactions AIEE, 57 (1938), 713.

Smith, Thomas M. "Some Perspectives on the Early History of Computers." Perspectives on the Computer Revolution, Z. W. Pylyshyn, ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: PrenticeHall, 1970, pp. 7-15.

Snyder, Samuel S. "Influence of U.S. Cryptologic Organizations on the Digital Computer Industry." Journal of Systems and Software, 1 (1979), 87-102.

Steinbuch, Karl. Die Informierte Gesellschaft: Geschichte and Zukunft der Nachrichtentechnik. Stuttgart: Rowohlt, 1966.

Stern, Nancy. From ENIAC to UNIVAC. Bedford, Mass.: Digital Press, 1981.

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. 1945. "Relay Computers." U.S. Office of Scientific Research and Development, Applied Mathematics Panel, Report #171.18, February, 1945, 83pp.

. 1946. "Introduction to the Course on Electronic Digital Computers." Pennsylvania University, Theory and Techniques for Design of Electronic Digital Computers, vol. 1, pp. 1-19, lecture of July 8, 1946.

. 1948. "The Organization of Large-Scale Calculating Machinery." Annals of the Harvard Computation Laboratory, 16 (1948), 91-100.

. 1978. "Stored Programs-A Reply." Byte, 3 (1978), 142.

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Stiefel, E. 1953. "La machine a calculer arithmetique Z4 de 1'6cole Polytechnique Federale a Zurich." Colloque Internationale du C. N. R. S., Paris, 8-13 January, 1951, pp. 33-40. Paris: editions du C. N. R. S., 1953.

. 1955. "Rechenautomat im Dienst der Technik: Erfahrungen mit dem ZusenRechenautomaten Z4." Arbeitsgemeinschaftfur Forschung des Landes NordheimWestfalen, 45 (1955), 29-45.

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Zemanek, H. "Geschichte der Automaten." Elektronische Rechenanlagen, 5 (1963), 199; 6 (1964), 5-6, 57-58.

Zuse, Konrad. 1948. "Ein Neues Rechengerdt fur technische and wissenschaftliche Rechnungen." Wirtschaft Spiegel, 1 (1948), 55-58.

. 1948-49. " Uber den allgemeinen Plankalkiil als Mittel zur Formulierung schematischkombinativerAufgaben."ArchivderMathematik, 1(1948-49),441-449. . 1949. "Die mathematische Voraussetzungen fur die Entwicklung logischkombinativer Rechenmaschinen." Zeitschrift fiir Angewandte Mathematik and Mechanik, 29 (1949), 36-37.

. 1950a. "Programmgesteuerte Rechenmaschinen in Deutschland. " Z eitschrift fiir Angewandte Mathematik and Mechanik, 30 (1950), 292-293.

. 1950b. "Deutsche programmgesteuerte Rechenanlage fur wissenschaftliche Berechnungen." Vermessungstechnische Rundschau, 12 (1950), 249-253.

. 1952. "Der Programmator." Zeitschri fiir Angewandte Mathematik and Mechanik, 32 (1952), 246.

. 1953. "0ber programmgesteuerte Rechenanlage fur industrielle Verwendung." H. Cremer, ed., Probleme der Entwicklung programmgesteuerter Rechengerate and Integrieranlagen (Aachen, 1953), pp. 55-75.

. 1956-1957. "Grosse oder kleine programmgesteuerte Rechengerate?" Unternehmungsforschung, Operations Research, 1 (1956-57), 117-122.

1959. "Ober den Plankalkiil." Elektronischen Rechenanlagen, 1 (1959), 68-71.

. 1962. "Entwicklung einer Rechengerate-Entwicklung von der Mechanik zur Elektronik." Walter Hoffmann, ed., Digitale Informationswandler (Braunschweig, 1962), pp. 508-532.

. 1963. "Ansatze einer Theorie des allgemeinen Rechnens unter besonderer Beriichtsichtigung des Aussagenkalkiils and dessen Verwendung auf Relaisschaltungen." Privately printed, 1963, 123pp.

. 1967. "Zur Forderung der Entwicklung programmgesteuerter Rechengerate durch die DVL." DVL Nachrichten, 34 (1967), 294.

. 1968. "Gesichtspunkte zur sprachlichen Formulierung in Vielfachzugriffssystems unter Beruchtsichtigung des `Plankalktils"'. W. Handler, ed., Tednehmer Rechensysteme (Munich: R. Oldenbourg Verlag, 1968), pp. 223-230.

. 1970. Der Computer, Mein Lebenswerk. Munich: Verlag Moderne Industrie, 1970, 221pp.

. 1972a. "Der Plankalkiil," Bonn, GMD, Bericht #63, 1972, 285pp.
. 1972b. "Rechender Raum." Nova Acta Leopoldina, 37/1 (1972), 129-137.

. 1973. "Die ersten programmgesteuerten Relais-Rechenmaschine." M. Graef, ed., 350 Jahre Rechenmaschinen (Munich: Hanser, 1973), pp. 51-56.

. 1975a. "Zur Problematik der Rechenautomaten." H. Meschowski, ed., Grundlagen der Modernen Mathematik (Darmstadt, 1975), pp. 253-309.

. 1975b. "Gesichtspunkte zur Beurteilung algorithmischer Sprachen." Bonn, GMD Bericht #105, 1975, 156pp.

. 1976a. "The Plankalkuel" (partial translation of "Der Plankalkiil"). Bonn, GMD Bericht # 106, 1976, 244pp.

. 1976b. "Some Remarks on the History of Computing in Germany." Paper presented at the International Research Conference on the History of Computing, Los Alamos, June 10-15, 1976. Published in N. Metropolis, J. Howlett, and Gian-Carlo Rota, eds., A History of Computing in the Twentieth Century. New York: Academic Press, 1980, pp. 611-627.

. 1977. Beschreibung des Plankalkuls. Munich: Oldenburg, 1977, 165pp.

. 1979. "The Emancipation of Data Processing." Paper presented at the Advanced Course on General Net Theory of Processes and Systems, Hamburg, October 10, 1979.

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