Telling Computers What to Do
A computer is a versatile machine. It can do nearly anything—but does nothing until instructed by software.
Creating the programs our civilization now depends on involves science, engineering, and craft. …
Human-Computer Interaction
Computers have always been good at calculations and data processing. But to evolve from specialized devices to a universal tool required more efficient ways to “talk” to people.
Early computers communicated …
Playing on Computers
To find the earliest computer games, find the earliest computers. Games have always been part of computing. Some were created for tests or demonstrations. Others merely reflect that computer pioneers were human—and …
Analog and Digital: Different Ways to Measure and Model the World
Our world is a symphony of infinite variations. Long before digital computers existed, engineers built models to simulate those real world nuances.
Analog computers …
Computation Becomes Electronic
World War II acted as midwife to the birth of the modern electronic computer. Unprecedented military demands for calculations—and hefty wartime budgets—spurred innovation.
Early electronic computers were…